![]() Reason: ‘The concentration of O, is more in alveolar air. Assertion : Blood takes up oxygen from the alveolar air and release CO2 during exchange. Reason: Capillaries connect the branches of arteries and veins. Assertion : Capillaries are the thinnest blood vessels. Reason: Ventricles have to pump blood into various organs with great pressure Answer Assertion : Ventricles have thicker walls than auricles. Assertion : Ureters are the tubes which carry urine from kidneys to the bladder. Reason: One contraction and relaxation of the heart constitutes a complete heart beat. Assertion: The average number of heart beat of a person at rest is about 80 per minute. Reason: Photosynthesis always takes place in leaves. Assertion : Photosynthesis takes place in green parts of the plants. Reason: ‘The upward movement of water is due to low pressure created by transpiration. Assertion : The movement of water and dissolved salts in xylem is always upwards. Reason: Raphides are the solid waste products of plants. ![]() Assertion : The plants store some of the waste products in their body parts. Reason (R) : It is a type of protein which has high-affinity carbon dioxide. Assertion (A): In human beings, the respiratory pigment is haemoglobin Reason (R) : The villi increase the surface area for absorption. Assertion (A): The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi. Reason (R): Kidneys filter the waste and produce urine, Answer Assertion (A): The purpose of making urine is to filter out undigested food from intestine ![]() Reason (R) : Stomatal pores are the site for exchange of gases by diffusion. Assertion (A): The opening and closing of the pore is a function of the guard cells. Reason (R) : Diffusion is a fast process but occurs at the surface of the body. Assertion (A): Diffusion does not meet high energy requirements of multi-cellular organisms Reason (R): Body structures made up of these molecules need continuous repair and maintenance Answer Assertion (A): Molecular movements are needed for life. Reason (R) : It is prepared in the cytoplasm as the first step to cellular respiration Answer Assertion (A): Pyruvate is a six-carbon molecule Reason (R) : These ensure that the air-passage does not collapse Answer Assertion (A): Rings of cartilage are present in the throat, Reason (R) : Energy is obtained in the form of ATP in the mitochondria. Assertion (A): Energy is required to carry out different life processes. Reason (R) : Vena cava is the only artery that supplies deoxygenated blood to the heart. Assertion (A) : Human heart is four-chambered. Reason (R) : Arteries have to transport blood away from the heart. Assertion (A): Arteries are thick-walled and elastic in nature. Reason (R) : Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. Assertion (A) : Aerobic respiration requires less energy as compared to anaerobic respiration. Reason (R) : Pancreatic juice contains the enzyme lactase. Assertion (A) : Carbohydrate digestion mainly takes place in small intestine. Reason (R) : Bile juice contains enzymes. Assertion (A) : Bile is essential for digestion of lipids. Reason (R) : Plants do not have great demands of gaseous exchange. Assertion (A) : In plants there is no need of specialised respiratory organs. Reason (R) : There is an incomplete breakdown of glucose. Assertion (A) : In anaerobic respiration, one of the end product is alcohol. Reason (R) : Plants usually absorb essential nutrients. Assertion (A) : Plants lack excretory organs. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below: Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
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